Physical Modalities
Physical modalities include cutaneous stimulation, immobilization, transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), and acupuncture.277 Their use may decrease the need for pain-reducing drugs, but they should not be used as substitutes for medication. These modalities should be introduced early to treat generalized weakness and deconditioning as well as aches and pains associated with periods of inactivity and immobility related to cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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